【摘要】We study the influences of new-firm start-ups on growth at the regional and macroeconomic level in France using a quarterly database over the 1993–2011 period. We find that fluctuations in GDP are an early indicator of new-firm start-ups.Nevertheless; the most important relationships are found between the unemployment rate and new-firm start-ups. Entrepreneurship is mainly driven by an unemployment “push” effect that have consequences upon the potential of growth of new-firm startups in most of the French regions. The ?le-de France region is an exception since the “Schumpeter” effect prevails in the long term.

【文献来源】Aubry M;Bonnet J;Renou-Maissant P. Annals of regional Science.2015（1）