【摘要】In this   paper; we employ geo-coded data at a fine spatial resolution for Sweden's   metropolitan areas to assess retail co-location. Retail clusters and their   place in urban space are assessed from several angles. The probability of a   specific type of retail unit to be established in a 250 by 250 m square is   modelled as a function of (i) the presence of other similar retail   establishments; (ii) the presence of stores that belong to other retail   sectors and (iii) other characteristics of the square area; and its access to   demand in the pertinent urban landscape. The analysis clarifies which types   of retail clusters one can expect to find in a metropolitan region; as well   as their relationship to the urban landscape. We analyse three distinct types   of stores: clothing; household appliances; and specialized stores. Stores   with high intensities of interaction are co-located; and predominantly   located close to the urban cores; consistent with predictions from bid rent   theory and central place theory. We further document negative location   tendencies between shops that sell frequently purchased products and shops   that sell durables. Moreover; our results highlight the importance of demand   in the close surroundings; which is particularly strong for small-scale   establishments.