【摘要】Using data on 434 Brazilian municipalities; this paper explores the influence both corruption and the size of the informal sector have on economic outcomes; while allowing for the possibility of spatial dependence. Overall; this paper finds that the size of the informal sector has a statistically significant and negative association with economic outcomes that is much larger in magnitude than what is predicted by least squares estimates due to its exclusion of spillover effects; while corruption has no significant relationship. Specifically; a one standard deviation increase in the size of the informal sector is associated with a 26 % cumulative decrease in GDP per capita; compared to the maximum of a 17 % decline predicted by least squares.

【文献来源】Bologna J.Annals of regional Science.2017（1）