【摘要】This chapter discusses an aggregative model of a city and the findings of its analysis. The purpose of developing an aggregative model is to solve for the city's total demand for population, factor incomes, and equilibrium city size and to show how various economic characteristics of the city vary with city size. Using this analysis, an equilibrium city size can be ascertained by postulating a supply function of people to the city and then analyzing the behavior of economic agents in limiting city sizes. In addition to being used to solve for equilibrium city size, the model that is developed can be used to do comparative static analyses of the long-run effect on city size and other economic characteristics of changes in commuting costs, property taxes, and other variables. In solving for city size, it is essential to identify economic actors in the model and their sources of income. Solving the issue of city size requires a differentiation of the equations of the model and investigate how wages, city spatial area, the K/N ratio (or the ratio of a city's total capital usage to business employment of labor), and utility levels vary as city size increases, given the parameters of the model. Thereafter, capital employment rises with city population but the K/N ratio varies as the city grows; a rising K/N indicates the possibility of payment of higher wages with rising population levels is determined by the intersection of demand and supply curves. One primary solution for solving city size issues is employing the competitive solution which is the traditional one, where equilibrium size.

【文献来源】Henderson J V. 2–An Aggregative Model of a Simple City[J]. Economic Theory & the Cities, 1985:35-50.